Let's talk about Material Science as a module in Engineering. It is a branch of physics which deals with material properties, defects and structure & behavior of a material. Mainly, materials are classified into two types: Ductile and Brittle. The material which has a capability to undergo plastic deformation under stress without fracture is referred to as Ductile materials and vice versa. Example for ductile material is steel and copper whereas, for brittle material glass and concrete. The material science is vital as the product quality depends upon material properties. Predominantly, the materials are used in workshops to make machine tools, foundry shops, etc. A harder material is used to produce machine tool whereas, soft material is used to make draw wires. To make any machine tool or anything with the material it is necessary to study the material properties before prototyping them.
Furthermore, there are two types of material: Metal and Non-metal. Metals are classified into two types: Ferrous and Non-ferrous metals. Ferrous metal has most content as iron whereas, Non-ferrous has little or no content of iron such as Copper, Zinc, etc. Examples for ferrous metals steel, HSS, etc. Ferrous metals are mostly used for industrial purposes. Here, I will list down some of the important material properties which should be known by a Mechanical Engineer.
1. Strength
2. Ductility
3. Hardness
4. Fatigue
5. Homogeneity
6. Isotropy
7. Anisotropy
8. Elasticity
9. Plasticity
10. Brittleness
11. Stiffness
12. Toughness
13. Machinability
14. Malleability
15. Creep
16. Resilience
17. Damping
18. Embrittlement
For more details refer to the book: https://www.wiley.com/en-us/search?pq=%7Crelevance%7Cauthor%3AWilliam+D.+Callister+Jr.
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