Let's discuss what is thermodynamics? What are the different types of processes? How many types of systems are there?
Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of the movement of heat in various conditions.
What is the state of a system?
A system has certain properties such as pressure, vol, temp, and the present values of the properties of the system are called the thermodynamic state of the system. For instance, there is boiled milk at 50 deg c in a thermos flask, this represents the state of the system. After some time it cools down, i.e. temp reduces, therefore, the state of the system also changes.
There are three types of systems in thermodynamics:
1. Open: Can exchange energy and mass with its surroundings.
2. Closed: Can only exchange energy with its surroundings.
3. Isolated: No exchange of energy and mass.
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Different types of systems. |
Mainly, there are four types of thermodynamic processes are as follows:
1. Isobaric or Constant Pressure (Pink Line)
2. Isochoric or Constant Volume (Purple Line)
3. Adiabatic or Constant Heat (Black Line)
4. Isothermal or Constant Temp (Green Line)
The above represents P-V diagram of various thermodynamical processes. However, there are two more processes know as the Reversible/Irreversible process. The reversible process is defined as the final properties of the system that can be reversed back to its original properties and vice versa. Constant pressure and/or constant vol. are important thermodynamic processes as they are used in Otto and Diesel cycle, i.e. for diesel and petrol engines. However, in ideal conditions constant vol and/or pressure cannot be achieved.
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